पुरातन भारतीय विज्ञानं - AERONATUICS PART-4 ! SPEED OF LIGHT !! SOLAR SYSTEM !!

पुरातन भारतीय विज्ञानं 

The successful publish of the 10th part of the notes ! It feels proud. 

We were to proceed with with the LOHADHIKARANAM ( the chapter of metal usage), but i thought, we shall pause it for now and resume from the next note. 

Since the vaimanika itself involves many calculations to come with regard to distance,speed,time etc. we will see those measures in this note.The vaimanika shastra also describes the universe, solar system and also about the air routes in the earth's atmosphere.So i thought, the basic understanding of all these with the help of the VEDAS themselves is essential to move onto the vaimanika shastra further.

Our ancestors, have calculated the speed of light.

The RIG VEDA says, 

taraNir vishvadarshato jyotishkrdasi surya |

vishvamaa bhaasirochanam || [ Rig veda 1.50] 

and the commentator also says , 

tatha ca smaryate yojananam. sahasre dve dve sate dve ca yojane

ekena nimishardhena kramaman.

We will see what these verses mean and take it as the base for the calculation of speed of light.

These verses literally mean, “It is remembered here that Sun (light) traverses 2,202 yojanas in half a nimisha” 

In the vedas, NIMISHA is a unit of time and YOJANA  is a unit of distance.

NIMESHA : 

The moksha dharma parva of the mahabharatha, explains 

15 Nimisha = 1 Kastha

30 Kashta = 1 Kala

30.3 Kala = 1 Muhurta

30 Muhurtas = 1 Diva-Ratri (Day-Night)

We know Day-Night is 24 hours

So we get 24 hours = 30 x 30.3 x 30 x 15 nimisha

in other words 409050 nimisha

We know 1 hour = 60 x 60 = 3600 seconds

So 24 hours = 24 x 3600 seconds = 409050 nimisha

409050 nimesa = 86,400 seconds

1 nimesa = 0.2112 seconds 

YOJANA : 

The vishnu purana explains the calculation of YOJANA unit. 

10 ParamAnus = 1 Parasukshma

10 Parasúkshmas = 1 Trasarenu

10 Trasarenus = 1 Mahírajas

10 Mahírajas= 1 Balagra 

10 Bálágra = 1 Likhsha

10 Likhsha= 1 Yuka

1o Yukas = 1 Yavodara

10 Yavodaras = 1 Yava

10 Yava = 1 Angula (1.89 cm or approx 3/4 inch)

6 angula  = 1 Pada

2 Padas = 1 Vitasti (span)

2 Vitasti = 1 Hasta (cubit)

4 Hastas = a Dhanu,  Nárikás = 6 feet

2000 Dhanus = 1 Gavyuti = 12000 feet

4 Gavyutis = 1 Yojana = 9.09 miles 

{ NOTE: THESE CALCULATIONS OF THE YOJANA HAVE BEEN ADOPTED FROM THE RESEARCH OF P.V.VARTAK,a research scholar, there are proofs in his books explaining how it is 9.09 miles also } 

Calculation:

So now we can calculate what is the value of the speed of light in modern units based on the value given as 2202 yojanas in 1/2 nimesa

= 2202 x 9.09 miles per 0.1056 seconds

= 20016.18 miles per 0.1056 seconds

= 189547 miles per second !!

As per the modern science speed of light is 186000 miles per second !

As per the mordern calculation it is 18600 miles/second. 

I think that the calculation errors must have occured due to approximation. 

Now that again our mouths are wide open, we will move onto some concepts of the universe as explained by the oldest of the vedas, THE RIG VEDA.

All our text books that we have studied in our curriculum, says that the indians proposed a geocentric model of the solar system, and that galileo founf all this was wrong and proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system. 

IS THIS TRUE ? ? ? ? 

The very word JAGATH ( World ), means the moving one.Those who know hindi can recognise as well.. (JISKI GATHI HAI WOH JAGATH .. that which has movement),so we knew the earth was moving constantly, that is why we named it so. 

ahastA yad apadee vardhata kShAH shaceebhir vedyAnAm |

shuShNam pari pradakShiNid vishvAyave ni shishnathaH ||                 [ RIG VEDA 10.22.14 ] 

KSHA: - Earth ; AHASTHA- No hands ; APADEE- No legs ; VARHDATH- moves ahead; SHUSHNAN PARI - around the sun ; PRADAKSHINIT - around 

This earth is devoid of hands and legs, yet it 

moves ahead. All the objects over the earth also 

move with it. It moves around the sun. 

So does that mean the vedas proposed a geocentric model ????!!!  

THE BRITISH LEGACY, HAS LEFT US NOTHING BUT AN OPPURTUNITY TO BE ASHAMED OF OUR OWN CULTURE !!!!! 

 suShvANAsa indra stumasi tvA sasavAMsash ca tuvinRumNa vAjam |

A no bhara suvitaM yasya cAkan tmanA tanA sanuyAma tvotAH ||                  [ RIG VEDA 10.149.1 ] 

Savita = Sun ; Yantraih = through reins ;Prithiveem = Earth ;Aramnaat = Ties ;Dyaam Andahat = Other planets in sky as well ;Atoorte = Unbreakable ;Baddham = Holds ;Ashwam Iv Adhukshat = Like horses 

The sun has tied Earth and other planets through 

attraction and moves them around itself as if a 

trainer moves newly trained horses around itself 

holding their reins.

IS THAT GEOCENTRIC FOR THE WESTERNERS ????

THEY SAY,WE BELEIVE. 

We have not even read a fraction of the vedas, but declare it as a myth !! what prejudices people carry?? WE ARE PROUD TO CALL OUR SCIENCE AS MYTH !!! THINK !!! 

panjcAre cakre parivartamAne tasminn A tasthur bhuvanAni vishvA |

tasya nAkShas tapyate bhooribhAraH sanAd eva na sheeryate sanAbhiH || [ RIG VEDA 1.164.13 ]

Sun moves ,it itself is moving. 

Earth and other bodies move around sun due to 

force of attraction, because sun is heavier than 

them.

They say that we considered the sun and moon to be planets.Actually we did not.Sun was only decribed as the center of the solar system that held OTHER BODIES CALLED PLANETS.This clearly rules out the possiblity of sun being called as a planet. 

We also knew the source of moon light was sun.YES.....Read further... 

atrAha gor amanvata nAma tvaShTur apeecyam |

itthA candramaso gRuhe ||                                                      [ RIG VEDA1.84.16 ] 

The moving moon receives its light from the sun. 

somo vadhooyur abhavad ashvinAstAm ubhA varA |

 sooryAM yat patye shaMsanteem manasA savitAdadAt ||           [ RIG VEDA 10.85.9 ] 

Moon decided to marry. Day and Night attended  its wedding. And sun gifted his daughter “Sun  ray” to Moon

Did your parents tell you the myth of some snake catching hold of the sun or moon during the solar/lunar eclipse respectively ??? those are not prescribed by the vedas as well.

yat tvA soorya svarbhAnus tamasAvidhyad AsuraH |

akShetravid yathA mugdho bhuvanAny adeedhayuH ||              [ RIG VEDA 10.85.9 ] 

O Sun! When you are blocked by the one whom you gifted your own light (moon), then earth gets scared by sudden darkness.

Thanks for reading !! DO COMMENT !! PLEASE CONTINUE READING !!! 

भारतीय समय निर्माणं - Indian Time Calculation.

       भारतीय समय निर्माणं 

Indians were great achievers in all fields. In Time calculation too. The traditional indian vedic standards of time were detailed and involved lot of calculations.The shrimad bhagavatha maha purana describes this in detail. 
Believers and atheists, both would be surprised how we Indians calculated time accurately, 5000 years back.

Scientific Standard of Time

Until 1955 the scientific standard of time, the second, was based on the earth’s period of rotation and was defined as 1/86,400 of the mean solar day. When it was realized that the earth’s rate of rotation was irregular and also slowing down, it became necessary to redefine the second. In 1955 the International Astronomical Union defined the second as being 1/31,556,925.9747 of the solar year in progress at noon December 31, 1899. The International Committee on Weights and Measures adopted the definition the following year.

With the introduction of atomic clocks—specifically, the construction of a high-precision caesium-beam atomic clock in 1955—more accurate measurement of time became possible. This atomic clock utilizes the frequency of a spectral line produced by the caesium-133 atom. In 1967 the measurement of the second in the International System of Units was officially defined as the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium-133 atom.

Vedic standard of time : 

While we see that the atomic calculations were the basis for the modern time study that we have the base unit as seconds, the base unit in the Vedas is referred to by name “PARAMANU” which literally means “SUB-ATOMIC level”. This gives us an insight that may refer to a calculation of time with reference to atoms and not merely solar or lunar time periods.

In a text by name shrimad bhagavatham (dates back to 3070 BC), the sage maithreya says that this is taken as the basic unit for calculations and describes the same as follows:

"The smallest particle of material substance, which has not yet combined with any other similar particles, is called paramanu (a sub-atomic particle of matter). Paramanus always exist both in the dormant and manifest states of material existence. It is the combination of more than one paramanu (sub-atomic particle) which gives rise to the illusory concept of a (material) unit."

A combination of two paramanus make an anu (ATOM).Three atoms make a THRASRENU. A combination of thresranu’s are said to be visible through the sun rays through a laticced window. (Did maitreya talk abt tyndall effect ?)

Paramanu as a source and basic unit of time calculated as the time sunrays take to pass through them.

Three tersrenus are called a thruthi ( 8/13,500 of a second).

A combination of 100 thruthis is called a vedha (8/135 of a second) and three Vedas together were called as a lava (8/45 of a second)

A combination of three lavas is called a kshana ( 8/5 of a second)(this is also described in scriptures as the time taken to the twinkling of a human eye).

A combination of 5 kshanas is called a kaashta.(8 seconds) and fifteen kaashtas equal one laghu (2 minutes).

15 laghu make up a nadika (nazhiga – tamil) which is equal to 30 minutes. 6 nadikas equal one prahara (a quarter of a day).

A day consists of four yamaas(six hour periods),while fifteen such days make up alternating bright and dark fornights(moon sizes).

Two of such fortnights are taken to be a maasa (month) and two months constitute a rithu (Season) and six months constitute a ayana(time for sun to move from north to south and south to north resp)

The vedic years constitute the following yugas (collection of years).

Satya yuga:

 1,728,000 human years

 Treta yuga:

 1,296,000 human years

 Dvapara yuga:

 864,000 human years

 Kali yuga:

 432,000 human years

The world does not end here the whole completion of the above said four yugas constitute a maha yuga or a divya yuga(4.32 million years).

One thousand such cycles (4.32 billion years) make up one day of brahma.

(note: maybe there exists no god. but the Vedic traditionalists made it an embodiment or personification of time. Personification was a common practice as history, legends, facts and sciences in those days were not separated from literature. This is a striking observation because the brahma is said to have four faces which represent the four above mentioned yugas. When personification of autumn, rivers, and nations can be accepted as literature, personification of time as brahma can be accepted by atheists too)

Such a day of brahma is called as a kalpa. Each day of brahma is divided into manvantaras (14 periods) each lasting 71 cycles of the above said rotation of four constituting one such cycle.

The brahma is said to live 100 years,each consisting of 360 days.In human years the brahma’s life in  72,000 x 4,320,000,000 human years = 311,040,000,000,000 human years.

This time span is considered one breathe in and breathe out of VISHNU.

After the life of one brahma, another brahma comes into existence and the process of time continues.

So where are we now?

According to the Vedic scriptures, we are now in the first day of the second half of the life of Brahma (even he gets old, and he is now 50). Within this day of Brahma, we are in the seventh manvantara (of Vaivasvata Manu), in the 28th turnover of its 71 yuga cycles.

Modern astronomy calculates the beginning of the present Kali-yuga at 2:27a.m. on February 20th in the year 3102 B.C.